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Analysis
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INT-DPM vs INT
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p
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INT vs CONTROL
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p
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INT-DPM vs CONTROL
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p
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Combined intervention vs CONTROL
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p
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|---|
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HbA1c (mmol/mol)
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0.11 (−2.46, 2.67)
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0.93
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−1.29 (−3.77, 1.19)
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0.31
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−1.18 (−3.8, 1.5)
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0.38
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−1.24 (−3.35, 0.87)
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0.25
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Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l)
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−0.09 (−0.5, 0.32)
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0.66
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0.01 (−0.38, 0.41)
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0.95
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−0.06 (−0.5, 0.4)
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0.78
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−0.03 (−0.36, 0.31)
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0.87
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Weight (kg)
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−0.46 (−2.43, 1.51)
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0.39
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−1.51 (−4.97, 1.94)
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0.39
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−1.93 (−5.6, 1.7)
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0.30
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−1.7 (−4.34, 0.94)
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0.2
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Body mass index (kg/m2)
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−0.17 (−0.87, 0.54)
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0.46
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−0.47 (−1.72, 0.79)
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0.46
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−0.63 (−1.96, 0.7)
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0.35
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−0.54 (−1.5, 0.41)
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0.26
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Body fat (%)a
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−0.29 (−1.65, 1.07)
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0.67
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1.46 (−0.02, 2.94)
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0.05
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1.14 (−0.32, 2.59)
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0.13
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1.3 (0.1, 2.49)
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0.03
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Body fat mass (kg)a
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−0.62 (−2.36, 1.12)
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0.48
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0.98 (−0.95, 2.92)
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0.32
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0.37 (−1.58, 2.33)
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0.71
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0.69 (−0.87, 2.26)
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0.38
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Visceral fat scorea
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0.16 (−0.5, 0.82)
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0.63
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−0.27 (−0.99, 0.45)
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0.45
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−0.36 (−1.15, 0.43)
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0.37
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−0.06 (−0.66, 054)
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0.84
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Waist (cm)
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0.41 (−2.76, 1.93)
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0.73
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−0.05 (−1.91, 1.81)
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0.87
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−0.28 (−2.6, 2.1)
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0.81
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−0.05 (−1.91, 1.81)
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0.96
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Physical activity: MET min/weekb
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−698 (−2079, 683)
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0.32
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482 (−718, 1681)
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0.43
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−223 (−1433, 987)
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0.71
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198 (−823, 1220)
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0.70
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Physical activity: resistance days/wkb
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1.03 (0.32, 3.31)
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0.96
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2.06 (0.71, 5.99)
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0.18
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1.71 (0.59, 4.94)
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0.32
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1.90 (0.79, 4.59)
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0.15
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Physical activity: min sitting/wkb
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−115 (−220, −11)
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0.03
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18.5 (−91.9, 129)
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0.74
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−94.6 (−200, 11)
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0.08
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−27.7 (−115, 60)
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0.53
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Fat scale scorec
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0.04 (−0.11, 0.18)
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0.6
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0.11 (−0.02, 0.23)
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0.09
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0.15 (0.02, 0.27)
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0.02
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0.12 (0.02, 0.23)
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0.02
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Fibre scale scorec
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0.02 (−0.1, 0.15)
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0.7
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0.07 (−0.08, 0.21)
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0.36
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0.09 (−0.07, 0.25)
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0.26
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0.08 (−0.04, 0.19)
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0.19
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General well-being score WBQ-12d
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−0.91 (−2.91, 1.09)
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0.37
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1.09 (−0.69, 2.88)
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0.23
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0.48 (−1.41, 2.37)
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0.62
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0.76 (−0.76, 2.27)
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0.33
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EQ-5Dd
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−0.08 (−0.5, 0.33)
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0.69
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−0.07 (−0.43, 0.29)
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0.7
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−0.14 (−0.5, 0.22)
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0.44
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−0.1 (−0.4, 0.19)
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0.5
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ADDqold
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0 (−0.07, 0.08)
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0.97
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−0.01 (−0.07, 0.05)
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0.72
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0 (−0.07, 0.07)
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0.99
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0 (−0.06, 0.05)
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0.89
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HOMA–B (%)e
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−3.05 (−14.5, 8.5)
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0.6
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2.8 (−7.04, 12.6)
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0.57
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1.41 (−7.47, 10.29)
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0.75
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2.32 (−6.02, 10.66)
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0.58
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HOMA–S (%)e
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−5.3 (−19.6, 8.9)
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0.46
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0.95 (−15.6, 13.7)
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0.90
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−5.88 (−20.9, 9.2)
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0.44
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−3.12 (−15.3, 9.05)
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0.61
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- Data adjusted for baseline value for each variable and shown as change in mean and 95% CI. aFat mass (kg and %) by Tanita body composition analyser. bPhysical activity scales derived from international physical activity questionnaire IPAQ. cDietary fat and fibre scores based on self-reported Diet Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ)—higher fat scale scores indicate lower fat intake. d Well-being score (WBQ-12) questionnaire, health-related quality of life score (EQ-5D) questionnaire, and ADDQoL. eHomeostasis model assessment (HOMA) of baseline insulin sensitivity (S) and beta cell function (B)
